REVISTAS INDEXADAS

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Modified Tuber Starches as Sustainable Biopolymers for the Encapsulating Bioactive Compounds: A Comprehensive Review
(MDPI AG, 2025-12-07) Samaniego-Rafaele, César; Salvador-Reyes, Rebeca; Quispe-Santivañez, Grimaldo; Barriga-Sánchez, Maritza Elizabeth
Modified tuber starches have gained relevance as innovative and versatile materials for the encapsulation of bioactive compounds, distinguishing themselves from synthetic polymers due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and tunable functionality. This review analyzes the effects of physical, chemical, and biochemical modifications on the composition and morphological, rheological, thermal, and techno-functional properties of tuber starches, as well as their development prospects as coating materials in encapsulation techniques such as spray drying, freeze-drying, electrospinning, and emulsification. The evidence reviewed indicates that modified tuber starches exhibit reduced retrogradation, higher thermal resistance, improved solubility, and better digestibility, facilitating their application as protective agents. The main challenges for their industrial implementation are identified and analyzed, including the standardization of processes, scalability, and the ambiguous regulatory framework. In the future, research in this area should be directed toward the optimization of “clean-label” methodologies and the valorization of non-conventional tuber sources, thereby consolidating the development of safer, more effective, and more sustainable encapsulation systems for the food industry.
Quantitative analysis of factors affecting IR-43 and Tinajones rice variety adoption in Peru’s Camaná Valley
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-06-18) Zegarra-Flores, Jorge Arturo; Montalvo-Otivo, Jorge Manuel; Atao-Surichaqui, Elisa Raquel; Calizaya-Llatasi, Elmer Elio; Calizaya-Llatasi, Fredy Grimaldo; Mindani-Caceres, Carmen Gisela; Caira-Mamani, Cirilo Mario; Ore-Areche, Franklin; Paricanaza-Ticona, Danitza Corina; Leon-Gomez, Rodolfo; Tito-Quispe, Edson Efrain
This study analyzed the socio-economic, institutional, and environmental factors influencing the adoption of highyielding rice varieties, IR-43 and Tinajones, in the Camaná Valley, Peru. Using a mixed-methods approach over 24 months, data were collected from 300 farmers through surveys, semi-structured interviews, and environmental assessments using life cycle analysis (LCA). Regression analysis identified farm size, access to credit, and institutional support as the primary drivers of adoption, with larger farms exhibiting adoption rates 40% higher than smaller ones due to better financial resources. Education and market access also significantly influenced adoption, with educated farmers and those with strong market integration showing a 25% higher likelihood of adoption. However, adoption came with environmental trade-offs: IR-43 and Tinajones required 10–20% more water and produced 15% higher greenhouse gas emissions than traditional varieties. Structural equation modeling revealed that education and institutional support indirectly increased yields by 30% through improved access to credit and training. The findings underscore the need for policy interventions that balance socio-economic benefits with environmental sustainability, integrating measures such as optimized irrigation and organic fertilization to mitigate negative environmental impacts. These findings highlight the need for integrated policy interventions that support both the socio-economic and environmental sustainability of rice farming in semi-arid regions like the Camaná Valley.
Comparative chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of essential oil and oleoresin from Eucalyptus globulus Labill. leaves
(Editorial CSIC, 2025-06-30) Barriga-Sánchez, Maritza Elizabeth; Arpi Anco, Eliud Dennis; Cueva-Martínez, Pedro Miguel; Medina-Cáceres, Erika Amalia; Varas Condori, Miguel Angel
The Eucalyptus globulus is a tree which is cultivated in Peru for its wood, while its leaves are often discarded. This study compared the extraction yield, chemical composition, and antioxidant capacity of essential oil and oleoresin obtained from the leaves. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation (1.62 % yield), and oleoresins were obtained using supercritical CO2, with and without ethanol as a co-solvent (yield up to 8.96 %). GC-MS analysis identified 1,8-cineole as the major compound in the essential oil and in the oleoresin extracted with supercritical CO2+ethanol. The essential oil showed a higher monoterpene content (80.33 %), while the oleoresins were richer in sesquiterpenes (up to 63.68 %). The total phenolic content was significantly higher in the oleoresin (5.05-11.30 mg GAE/g) than in the essential oil (0.25 mg GAE/g). Antioxidant capacity was also significantly higher in the oleoresins. These findings highlight the potential of E. globulus oleoresin as a natural antioxidant for food and pharmaceutical applications.
Production of bacterial cellulose by spontaneous fermentation of grape pomace and its thermal, mechanical, and spectroscopic characterization
(Department of Polymer Engineering, Scientific Society of Mechanical Engineering, 2026-01) Gavilan-Figari, Isabel Milagros
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is an eco-friendly biopolymer with outstanding structural and functional properties, offering promising applications in sustainable packaging and bio-based materials. In this study, we demonstrate the feasibility of producing BC via spontaneous fermentation, using grape pomace supplemented with sucrose as the sole carbon source, nutrient substrate, and microbial inoculum, without the addition of commercial strains or nitrogen supplements. Fermentation was conducted under static conditions, yielding biofilms with stable structural characteristics and BC production of up to 14.1 g/L, thereby confirming the efficiency of this low-cost, residue-based process. The films obtained exhibited well-organized polymeric networks, with thermal stability in the range of Tg ≈ 159–266 °C and mechanical resistance comparable to or higher than conventional biopolymers. Characterization confirmed reproducible chemical profiles, thermal stability, and measurable variation in mechanical performance, with a tensile strength ranging from 0.0001 to 105 MPa and an elongation at break of 15±5%. The process highlights a resource-efficient and sustainable pathway, adaptable to rural contexts and aligned with circular economic principles. While minor variations among replicates reflected the intrinsic variability of biological systems, mean values and standard deviations demonstrated reproducible physicochemical and mechanical properties. These findings demonstrate that BC derived from agro-industrial residues can be produced under simple, low-input conditions, opening opportunities for scalable valorization in functional and sustainable materials.
Complete mitochondrial genome assembly and analysis of a Neotropical lineage of Ligula intestinalis reveals evolutionary and phylogenetic insights
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2026-02-17) Mondragón-Martínez, Aarón; Martínez-Rojas, Rosa; Gárate, Inés; Sánchez-Venegas, Jaime R; Moreno-Morales, Gerald; Cruz-Neyra, Lidia; Cruces, Celso Luis; Garcia-Candela, Enrique; Escudero, Frank Guzman; Chero, Jhon D; Yunis-Aguinaga, Jefferson; Štefka, Jan; Nazarizadeh, Masoud
Ligula intestinalis (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea) is a cosmopolitan tapeworm parasite characterized by a complex life cycle that includes freshwater fish infection. Ligula disrupts host reproduction, and causes ecological imbalances. Despite its broad geographic distribution and ecological significance, molecular data for South American populations have been lacking, leaving a critical gap in understanding its genetic diversity and evolutionary history. To address this, we conducted the first molecular characterization of L. intestinalis plerocercoid larvae isolated from the native fish Orestias agassizii in Lake Titicaca, Peru. Using Illumina next-generation sequencing, we assembled a complete mitochondrial genome of 13,657 bp, containing 12 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, and two non-coding regions. The mitogenome exhibited an A + T-rich composition (66.3%) and contained over 580 repetitive elements, primarily concentrated within its control region. Comparative analyses with European and Asian mitogenomes revealed substantial regional differences in nucleotide diversity and amino acid composition, with closer similarity observed between South American and Asian lineages. Genes atp6, nad5, and nad6 showed the highest variability, whereas cox1 demonstrated significant intercontinental divergence yet remained conserved within South America, reflecting both phylogeographic patterns and strong functional constraints. Phylogenetic inference based on mitochondrial markers (cytb, cox1, and nd1) confirmed the Titicaca specimen as a distinct South American lineage, closely related to the Nearctic lineage. These findings enhance our understanding of L. intestinalis mitogenomic diversity, emphasize the importance of geographic isolation in parasite diversification, and provide an essential genomic resource for future evolutionary and ecological research in high-altitude ecosystems.
Efecto del método de conservación, bodega insulada vs. método tradicional sobre las características nutricionales, sensoriales y microbiológicas de Psectrogaster rutiloides y Potamorhina altamazonica
(Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, 2026-02-27) Rivadeneyra Sánchez, Norma Lorena; Moreno Ríos, Christiaan Errol; Ferré Rodríguez, Walter Richar; Bustillos Aponte, Gino Vladimir; Vara Valverde, Carlos Augusto; Soria Torres, Ingrid Iris Manuela; Morales Vilca, Janet; Pérez Flores, Wendy Mishell; Maslucan Canayo, Óscar André; Panduro Vásquez, Ángel
El trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto de dos métodos de conservación de pescado, bodega insulada vs. método tradicional, sobre las características nutricionales, sensoriales y microbiológicas de Psectrogaster rutiloides y Potamorhina altamazonica.La bodega insulada fue fabricada con estructura de madera, revestida de fibra de vidrio matt y resina, de 251.8 × 159.3 × 86.9 × 8.0 cm, y con drenaje a un extremo basal de dos pulgadas. El método tradicional correspondió a uso de plástico simple para revestir el interior de una embarcación pesquera artesanal simulando un «cajón isotérmico». Ambas estructuras fueron diseñadas para adaptarse al formato interno de una embarcación de pesquería artesanal. Se capturaron 175 kg de pescado de las dos especies en la zona de pesca del Caserío Palestina, Ucayali, Perú. El pescado fue colocado al interior del método de conservación correspondiente con hielo picado 1:1, tapado por cinco días, e inmediatamente transportado a laboratorio. El contenido de humedad, proteínas totales, extracto etéreo y cenizas determinado en cada especie no fue afectado por el método de conservación. La carne de las dos especies no excedió los límites máximos permisibles en cuanto a presencia de aerobios mesófilos totales, Staphylococcus aureus y Salmonella spp. Para Escherichia coli se evidenció menor preservación bajo el método de conservación tradicional. Finalmente, se obtuvieron valores aceptables con el método de índice de calidad (entre 9 a 13) para las dos especies en ambos métodos de conservación. Los dos métodos garantizan el buen estado del pescado P. rutiloides y P. altamazonica dentro de cinco días de conservación, con mejor ventaja para la bodega insulada en cuanto a mayor estabilidad de las condiciones microbiológicas.
Optimization of the extraction of Curcuma longa L. oleoresin with supercritical CO2. Evaluation of antioxidant and hypoglycemic activity.
(Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 2025) Barriga-Sanchez, Maritza; Cueva -Martinez, Miguel; Sanchez-Gonzales, Gloria; Gonzalez-Aspajo, German; Villacres-Vallejo, Jorge
The fresh rhizomes and flour of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) have been used for centuries in traditional medicine to treat ailments. In recent years, attention has been paid to the beneficial properties of turmeric such as the prevention and control of diabetes. The objectives of this study were to optimize the extraction parameters of turmeric oleoresin (TO) with supercritical CO2 and ethanol (SC-CO2), and to evaluate the antioxidant activity and hypoglycemic activity in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that the optimal conditions for oleoresin extraction using SC-CO2 were 188 bar, 65°C and 180 min; the yield obtained under optimal conditions was 16.09 ± 0.57 oleoresin/100 g turmeric flour; antioxidant activity (ABTS) was 2224.96±26.33 μmol TE/g oleoresin; the mean inhibitory concentration of α-glucosidase (IC50) was 11.59 ± 2.05 μg/mL; and the greatest hypoglycemic effect in vivo in mice was obtained at the concentration of 200 mg of TO /kg body weight. This work shows the optimized conditions to extract the greatest amount of TO with the highest content of curcuminoids and antioxidant activity, and the in vitro and in vivo hypoglycemic effect of TO, for its possible use in functional foods.
In vitro and in vivo evaluation of hypoglycemic potential and acute toxicity of microencapsulated turmeric instant powder
(Phytomedicine Plus, 2024-11-01) Barriga-Sánchez, Maritza; González-Aspajo, Germán; Sanchez-Gonzales, Gloria; Barreto-Salcedo, Candy; Aranda-Ventura, Jose Alberto
Background: Curcuma longa L. (turmeric), traditionally used to treat various ailments including diabetes, has demonstrated beneficial health effects. However, its potential in food formulations requires further investigation. Purpose: This study examined the hypoglycemic effects of an instant powder containing microencapsulated turmeric oleoresin both in vitro and in vivo, alongside an acute toxicity assessment in Holtzman rats. Methods: This study encompassed both in vitro and in vivo evaluations. In vitro, the α-glucosidase (a digestive enzyme) inhibition assay was employed to determine the powder's effectiveness. In vivo assessments included: (1) evaluation of the hypoglycemic effect in mice; (2) conducted safety testing following international guidelines, administering a 2000 mg/kg dose to rats with subsequent monitoring of biochemical parameters; and (3) histological examination of liver, kidney, and spleen tissues for potential harmful effects. Results: The instant powder with turmeric oleoresin microencapsulation demonstrated significant α-glucosidase inhibition in vitro and hypoglycemic effects in vivo. The acute toxicity test at 2000 mg/kg showed no mortality but revealed significant alterations in erythrocyte parameters and hemoglobin percentage. Histological examinations of liver, kidney, and spleen tissues did not differ from those of the control group, though pancreatic tissue was not evaluated in this study. Conclusion According to this study, the microencapsulated turmeric oleoresin instant powder exhibited antidiabetic effects without signs of overt toxicity at doses up to 2000 mg/kg in rats.
OPTIMIZACIÓN DEL RENDIMIENTO DE LA EXTRACCIÓN DE ACEITE DE SEMILLAS DE Vitis vinifera CON CO2 SUPERCRÍTICO
(Sociedad Química del Perú, 2018) Barriga-Sanchez, Maritza; Churata Huanca, Anna; Tinoco Gomez, Óscar
Se optimizó el rendimiento de la extracción de aceite de la semilla de uva, variedad Quebranta, con el método superficie respuesta (MSR), se consideraron tres factores: presión (Pbar), temperatura (T) y flujo de CO2 (F), las variables respuesta fueron el rendimiento de aceite, el valor peróxido (POV) y anisidina. Se caracterizó la semilla y estableció el tamaño de partícula de la semilla para la extracción de aceite. Se realizaron las extracciones según el diseño MSR y se calcularon los rendimientos de aceite, POV y anisidina. Se determinó la composición de ácidos grasos por cromatografía de gases y la actividad antioxidante por reducción del radical 1,1-difenil-2-picrilhidrazil (DPPH) del aceite optimizado obtenido con CO2 y del extraído con hexano (testigo). La Pbar, T y F ejercieron efecto significativo sobre el rendimiento, pero no ejercieron efecto sobre el POV y anisidina. Los resultados son prometedores para añadir valor agregado a la semilla, residuo de la elaboración de pisco ya que el aceite contenía 66,45 % de ácido linoléico; 20,05 % de ácido oleico y una capacidad antioxidante de 7,80 mM equivalente a Trolox.
EVALUACIÓN MICROBIOLÓGICA DE PRODUCTOS ADQUIRIDOS EN EL MERCADO MAYORISTA PESQUERO DE VENTANILLA - PERÚ
(Editorial Ciencias Médicas, 2003-06) Mendoza, María; Salva, Percy; Gonzales, César; Ayala, Maria Estela
El objetivo de este trabajo fue realizar una evaluación microbiológica de pescados y mariscos frescos expendidos en el Mercado Mayorista Pesquero de Ventanilla, el segundo más grande de la capital (Lima). Se analizaron 35 muestras adquiridas en ese mercado, durante 5 semanas consecutivas entre los meses de febrero, marzo y abril del año 2001 (verano en Perú). Las muestras fueron sometidas a ensayos de detección de Salmonella, Vibrio cholerae 01 y 0139, Listeria monocytogenes , así como a la numeración de coliformes fecales y Escherichia coli. Se identificó Salmonella spp en dos muestras correspondientes a Cancer spp (cangrejo) y Trachurus picturatus murphyi (jurel). Las muestras correspondientes a conchas de abanico y cangrejo superaron los límites máximos permisibles para estos productos. Este estudio evidenció la inseguridad que representa el consumo de alimentos crudos frescos de origen marino expendidos en ese mercado.
PATRÓN DE DETERIORO DE ANCHOVETA PERUANA (Engraulis ringens) ALMACENADA A TEMPERATURA DE REFRIGERACIÓN
(Informa UK Limited, 2001-12) Ayala, Maria Estela; Salas, Alberto; Carbajal, M.; Plácido, Manuel; Albrecht-Ruiz, Miguel
La anchoveta peruana (Engraulis ringens), es una de las especies hidrobiológicas más abundantes en el Oceáno Pacífico Sur. En Perú, se destina usualmente a la elaboración de harina y aceite. Existe actualmente un interés comercial para el consumo humano directo de la especie. En el presente estudio se evaluó la aptitud para el consumo de la anchoveta entera enfriada a temperaturas de 9±1°C. Las muestras en refrigeración se mantuvieron sensorialmente aceptables hasta las 18 h presentando en estas condiciones, valores de 4,6 mg de histamina/100 g, 10 mg de BVN/100 g, 13,3% de valor K y un recuento psicrótrofo aproximadamente de 6,3 x 106 UFC/g. Mientras que las muestras al ambiente estuvieron por debajo de los límites de aceptación sensorial a las 8 h de almacenamiento, presentando valores de histamina de 3.9 mg/ 100 g, 11,5 mg/100 g de BVN, valor K de 20% y un recuento de psicrótrofos de 106 UFC/g. © 2001 Altaga. Todos los derechos reservados.
Differences among marine and hospital strains of Vibrio cholerae during Peruvian epidemic.
(Microbiology Research Foundation, 1998) Carvajal, Guy H.; Sanchez, Jorge; Ayala, Maria Estela; Hase, Atsushi
Durante un periodo de 18 meses de una epidemia de Vibrio cholerae, se aislaron cultivos de 450 muestras de pescado, marisco y agua de mar. Las frecuencias de aparición más altas observadas fueron del 5,2 % en pescado de aguas costeras, del 3,9 % en caracoles marinos y del 1,8 % en mejillones y cangrejos. No se aislaron casos en cultivos de pescado de alta mar ni en cultivos de camarones congelados. Los cultivos de origen marino se compararon con los de pacientes hospitalizados, revelando marcadas diferencias serológicas y toxigénicas. Las cepas marinas eran principalmente V. cholerae no-O1, no toxigénicas. Presumimos que la pesca en alta mar no fue la causa de este brote. Sin embargo, las especies marinas de aguas contaminadas podrían contener V. cholerae toxigénico viable y potencialmente patógeno. Los métodos utilizados fueron más sensibles y específicos para la detección de cepas marinas. En este artículo se analiza la necesidad de utilizar métodos más específicos.
Anchovy mince ( Engraulis ringens ) enriched with polyphenol-rich grape pomace dietary fibre: In vitro polyphenols bioaccessibility, antioxidant and physico-chemical properties
(Elsevier BV, 2017-12) Solari-Godiño, Armando; Pérez-Jiménez, Jara; Saura-Calixto, Fulgêncio D.; Borderías, Antonio Javier; Moreno, Helena María
The aim of this study was to evaluate technological and antioxidant properties, including in vitro bioaccessibility of polyphenols, conferred on raw anchovy mince by the addition of polyphenol-rich grape pomace dietary fibre at different concentrations. For this purpose, headed and gutted anchovy was heat-flayed, deboned and mixed with 0%, 2%, 3%, 4% grape pomace dietary fibre. A significant increase (P < 0.05) in the concentration of polyphenols and associated antioxidant capacity was detected when grape pomace dietary fibre was incorporated in a proportion of at least 2% of the final mixture. In vitro digestion showed that the higher the grape pomace dietary fibre content, the higher was the proportion of polyphenols reaching the large intestine. Additionally, it was observed that the ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assay seems to be more suitable for evaluating antioxidant capacity in this kind of samples than FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) assay. Technological properties such as mechanical and water holding, as well as sensory scores, indicated excellent qualities and acceptability of all samples. Hence, given the good acceptance of these samples, it should be feasible to make fish products based on mince anchovy as a means of increasing dietary intake of polyphenols with antioxidant capacity, especially considering the high concentration of polyphenols bioaccessible in the large intestine. © 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
HELMINTOS PARÁSITOS DE Dosidicus gigas “POTA” EVISCERADA EN AREQUIPA, PERÚ
(Universidad Nacional Agraria la Molina, 2011-6-30) Esther Céspedes, Roxana; Iannacone, José; Salas, Alberto
El "calamar gigante" o "pota" Dosidicus gigas (D Orbigny 1835), ha sido catalogado dentro de las especies de mayor importancia en los ecosistemas marinos pelágicos. Se cuantificó la fauna helmintológica parasitaria con énfasis en aquellos de importancia zoonótica y sanitaria de 254 individuos (D. gigas) frescos y eviscerados capturados en aguas oceánicas del Pacifico Sur de Perú, y desembarcados en Puerto Lomas, Arequipa (15º26´ S a 75º03´ L) durante el año 2009. En cada pota se determinó su Longitud Dorsal del Manto (LDM) en cm y su Peso Estándar del Manto (PEM) en kg. Se encontraron cinco taxones larvales de helmintos: Didimozoidea sp. no identificada (Abundancia media de infección (AM):0,0039; prevalencia:0,39%), dos céstodos: Hepatoxylon trichiuri (Holten 1802) (AM:0,04; prevalencia:0,78%) y Tentacularia coryphaenae (Bosc 1797) (AM:1,68; prevalencia:56,29%), y dos nemátodos Anisakis simplex o Tipo I (Dujardin 1845) (AM:0,23; prevalencia:15,74%), A. physeteris o Tipo II (Baylis 1923) (AM:1,11; prevalencia: 50%). Se encontró el 57% de calamares (D. gigas) infestados por el nemátodo zoonótico Anisakis. Los tres parásitos con mayor importancia específica fueron: T. coryphaenae, A. physeteris y A. simplex. Se encontró una relación lineal con la LDM del hospedero y la prevalencia media de T. coryphaenae. Se observó una relación lineal con el PEM y la prevalencia media de A. simplex. Los estimadores no paramétricos indicaron que se requiere un incremento en el esfuerzo de colecta y señalaron que deberían encontrarse hasta seis especie helmínticas en D. gigas. La comparación de la LDM entre las potas parasitadas y no parasitadas por A. simplex, A. physeteris y T. coryphaenae no mostró diferencias significativas. Finalmente, se realizó un análisis comparativo de los parásitos de D. gigas entre los años 1981-1989, 2003-2004, 2008-2009 y 2009.
EXTRACCIÓN DE COLÁGENO PROVENIENTE DE RESIDUOS DEL PROCESAMIENTO DE Engraulis ringens “ANCHOVETA”
(Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Vicerectorado de Investigacion, 2015-12-31) Solari, Armando; Córdova, Javier S.
El objetivo del presente trabajo fue extraer el colágeno de los residuos producidos en el procesamiento de anchoveta (conservas y surimi). Para tal efecto, se solubilizaron las proteínas no colagénicas con una solución de hidróxido de sodio 0,1 N y se neutralizaron con lavados sucesivos con agua (pH cercano a neutro). Luego, los residuos fueron descalcificados con una solución de EDTA 0,5 M, desengrasados con butanol al 10% y finalmente se solubilizaron las proteínas colagénicas con ácido acético 0,5 M y se precipitaron con cloruro de sodio 2,6 M. El colágeno precipitado fue dializado y liofilizado. Se cuantificó el contenido hidroxiprolina (Hip) en los residuos y en el colágeno liofilizado, siendo los valores de 6,5 y 52,9 mg de hidroxiprolina/g de muestra, respectivamente. La solubilidad del colágeno liofilizado disminuyó alrededor de 40% a una concentración de 12% de NaCl. El gel de electroforesis mostró una banda intensa de peso molecular aproximado de 110 kDa que correspondería a las cadenas α1 y α3 de la molécula del colágeno tipo I.
Molecular and morphological identification of Adenocephalus pacificus (Cestoda) isolated from South American sea lion Otaria byronia stranded on the northern Peruvian coasts
(Polish Parasitological Society, 2021) Mondragón-Martiínez, Aarón; Martínez-Rojas, Rosa; Cruz-Neyra, Lidia; De-Los-Santos, Estrellita Rojas; Delgado-Candela, Abraham
The most frequent etiologic agent of diphyllobothriosis in South America and the only one confirmed by molecular data in human cases in Peru is Adenocephalus pacificus (syn. Diphyllobothrium pacificum). This cestode is transmitted by ingestion of the plerocercoids found in marine fish, causing a parasitic zoonosis. The objective of the present study was to identify two cestodes isolated from two specimens of the South American sea lion (Otaria byronia) stranded on the beaches of Huacho and Barranca cities, located on the northern Peruvian coasts, in the department of Lima. Tapeworms were confirmed by morphological characteristics due to the presence of transverse papilla-like tegumental protuberances in proglottids and small sized eggs, as well as by sequencing of the partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (mtDNA-COI) gene that are congruent with additional available A. pacificus sequences. Even though sea lions in Peru are distributed along the coast and in areas of difficult access, generally located in protected natural areas, the fortuitous finding represented an opportunity to confirm the presence of A. pacificus in South American sea lions. This report of tapeworm A. pacificus could allow future monitoring of the occurrence and geographical distribution of this causative agent in epidemiological studies, since it is one of the main species of zoonotic importance in Peru. © 2024 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
CONTENIDO DE EPA Y DHA EN ACEITE CRUDO DE PESCADO PRODUCIDO EN EL PERÚ DURANTE EL PERIODO 1996–2000 CONTENT OF EPA AND DHA IN RAW FISH OIL PRODUCED IN PERU DURING 1996–2000 CONTIDO DE EPA Y DHA EN ACEITE CRU DE PESCADO PRODUCIDO EN EL PERÚ DURANTE EL PERÍODO 1996–2000
(Informa UK Limited, 2002-12) Salas-Maldonado, Alberto Clemente; Ayala-Galdós, María Estela; Albrecht-Ruiz, Victor Miguel
Se determinó el contenido de EPA (ácido eicosapentenoico) y DHA (ácido docosahexenoico) de aceite crudo de pescado producido en el Perú durante el período de 1996–2000, principalmente elaborado de anchoveta negra (Engraulis ringens). La composición de los ácidos grasos de 435 muestras fue analizada mediante cromatografía de gases. Los valores extremos de EPA para el tiempo de estudio fueron 10.5 y 24.3%, mientras que los valores de DHA variaron desde 4.9 a 15.9%. Se observaron menores coeficientes de variación en EPA (10.7 a 17.4%) que en DHA (13.6 a 32.1%). En general, los contenidos de EPA fueron mayores a los de DHA y ambos sumaron valores promedio de 29.1 a 33.1%. La presencia del fenómeno «El Niño» no parece haber afectado notoriamente los contenidos ni la relación entre EPA y DHA, excepto en el primer trimestre de 1998. © 2002 Altaga. Todos los derechos reservados.Palabras clave: ácidos grasos, aceite de pescado, ácido eicosapentenoico (EPA) y ácidodocosahexenoico (DHA).Determináronse os contidos de EPA (ácido eicosapentenoico) e DHA (ácido docosahexenoico) de aceite cru de pescado producido no Perú durante o período de 1996–2000, principalmente elaborado de anchoveta negra (Engraulis ringens). A composición dos ácidos graxos de 435 mostras analizouse mediante cromatografía de gases.
Evaluation of the Dyeing Process for Paiche (Arapaima Gigas) Leather Using Colorant Extracted from Walnut Leaves (Juglans Neotropica) for Scaling-Up
(Iran. J. Chem. Chem. Eng. (IJCCE), 2024-04-29) Saldaña, Liliana Marrufo; Lopez-Alvarez, Antony; Sueldo Rojas, Henry; Laura-Tito, Misael; Barra-Hinojosa, Julio Alexis; Uribe, Carmen L.
The technological development of paiche leather tanning is projected as a high-impact economic activity and requires the application of clean technologies, such as replacing highly toxic synthetic chemicals. This study aimed to evaluate the extraction process of naphthoquinone from walnut leaves for dyeing chrome-free tanned paiche leather and to establish the feasibility of scaling it up. The active principle extracted in an aqueous medium was characterized using HPLC chromatography and UV spectrophotometry. A factorial design was implemented to evaluate leather dyeing, and the results were scaled up at the pilot level. The factors studied were dyeing time (60, 90, and 120 minutes) and walnut dye concentration (161.6, 209.8, and 250.0 g/L), with Color Intensity in the dyed leather as the response variable. Juglone (5-hydroxy-1,4, naphthoquinone) was identified as the primary dye-producing compound with maximum absorption at 210 nm in aqueous solution. The results of the experimental design fit a linear model, with a determination coefficient (R2) of 77.36% and an adjusted coefficient of 74.34%. The values obtained for the finished leather at the pilot scale, including tear resistance (88.90 N), tensile strength (8.34 N/mm2), elongation percentage (53.76 %), dry (4/5), wet (4), and artificial sweat rub (4) and lightfastness (5), indicate that walnut-dyed leather can be used in the manufacturing of footwear and clothing. The process is technically scalable to an industrial level. © 2024 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Determination of phenolic compounds and evaluation of antioxidant capacity of two grapes residues (Vitis vinifera) of varieties dried: Quebranta (red) and Torontel (white)
(Informa UK Limited, 2017-1-1) Solari-Godiño, Armando; Lindo-Rojas, I.; Pandia-Estrada, Silvia
The determination of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of grape pomace (Vitis vinifera) of two varieties: Quebranta (red) and Torontel (white) using two drying methods: freeze drying and cool air-drying was evaluated, using methods to preserve and maintain bioactive compounds like polyphenols and their antioxidant capacity, these are DPPH and FRAP assays. In general, according to solvent extraction for both grape pomace varieties using the two drying methods, there were obtained high contents of extractable, hydrolysable and condensed tannins polyphenols and therefore exhibited high antioxidants capacities. However, Torontel grape pomace variety obtained by cool air-drying was better in extractable polyphenols, DPPH· and FRAP assays, than those obtained by freeze drying, being 6,095.36 ± 0.58 mg GAE/100 g pomace, 4,042.57 ± 27.80 mg pomace/g DPPH·, 390.23 ± 7,14 μM Trolox/g pomace, respectively. For Quebranta grape pomace variety obtained by cool air-drying and freeze drying; the extractable polyphenols, DPPH· and FRAP assays did not showed differences (p < 0.05). On the other hand, there were no differences (p < 0.05) between contents of hydrolyzable and condensed tannins in polyphenols for both drying methods, however the antioxidant capacity by DPPH· and FRAP assays showed differences (p < 0.05). Finally, this study demonstrated that cool air-drying method preserves the components of grape pomace, being a favorable advantage to optimize costs and drying times, in comparison to freeze drying, and the first one also takes advantage to formulate and elaborate new products to be incorporated in several foods as a functional ingredient. © 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Use of the sludge obtained from the electrocoagulation process of pumping waters of fishmeal factories for feeding Tenebrio molitor larvae
(Elsevier BV, 2023-5) Aguilar-Ascón, Edwar; Pariona-Velarde, Daniel; Loayza-Muro, Raúl; Albrecht-Ruíz, Miguel
Sludge residue from pumping water treatment obtained by electrocoagulation process (LEC) in fishmeal factories, was used as a feeding ingredient for Tenebrio molitor larvae. LEC was conditioned by three bioprocesses: fermentation with Lactobacillus casei, fermentation with Sacharomyces, and hydrolysis with pancreatin enzymatic mixture. Soybean isolate was used as a control. Larvae consuming LEC-containing diets presented a higher weight gain rate than the controls. The proximal larvae dry basis composition values of fat, ash, and protein (37.2% ± 2%, 3.9% ± 0.4%, and 50.2% ± 4.9%, respectively) did not present significant intergroup differences. LEC contained 4.2% aluminum and its conditioning through fermentation with lactic bacteria reduced its bioavailability in the larvae, with values similar to those of controls (3.9 ± 0.7 μg Al/g). The iron content in LEC-fed larvae was higher than that in the control group, while their fatty acid profile was only slightly different. These initial results with LEC, which organic material is difficult to hydrate and assimilate, suggest its suitability as a protein source and attractant for a faster growth of T. molitor larvae. © 2023 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

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