Caracterización de bacterias halotolerantes aisladas del proceso de salado madurado de Engraulis ringens (Jenyns, 1842) “anchoveta”

Abstract

The objective of this research was to characterize halotolerant bacteria isolated from the ripened salty process of Engraulis ringens from a fishing company at Chimbote (Peru). For this, three fish samples were collected at the beginning and at the end of the process. 14 halotolerant bacteria were isolated, 12 from medium containing 5% NaCl and two from 10% NaCl. Its growth capacity was evaluated from 4 to 50 ° C and 2.5 to 12.5% NaCl, as well as its biochemical activity by oxidase, urease, indole and citrate tests, carbohydrate fermentation, hydrolysis of starch, casein and gelatin, and sensitivity to penicillin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, tetracycline, rifampicin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, streptomycin, nalidixic acid, and novobiocin. 71% of strains grew from 25 to 44 ° C, up to 10% NaCl, and showed proteolytic and amylolytic activities. The molecular characterization was carried out by amplification and sequencing the 16S ribosomal genes and these were analyzed using BioEdit and BLASTn programs. From this characterization, the genera Bacillus (2), Staphylococcus (6), Oceanobacillus (1), Salinococcus (1), Psychrobacter (2) and Sporosarcina (2) were obtained. Five genera of isolated halotolerant bacteria (Bacillus, Oceanobacillus, Salinicoccus, Psychrobacter and Sporosarcina) were of marine origin, they are non-pathogenic or no pollution indicators. Conversely, BH1 strain of Staphylococcus showed sensitivity only to nalidixic acid, while BH14 was resistant to all antimicrobials. Therefore, it is necessary to implement measures that ensure the safety of anchovies. © 2024 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.