Browsing by Author "Garcia-Candela, Enrique"

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A New Species of Mymarothecium tantaliani n. sp (Monogenea: Dactylogiridae) in the Gills of Gamitana Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier) from Madre de Dios, Peru
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020-7-12) Cayulla-Quispe, David; Mondragón-Martínez, Aarón; Rojas-De-Los-Santos, Estrellita; Garcia-Candela, Enrique; Babilonia-Medina, Jorge; Martínez-Rojas, Rosa
Introduction: Members of the genus Mymarothecium Kritsky, Boeger & Jégu, 1996 infect characiform fish in the Amazon River Basin. Although the Peruvian Amazon hosts rich fauna of fish, the taxonomic diversity of parasitic organisms such as Mymarothecium has been few explored. A new species of Mymarothecium in Colossoma macropomum Cuvier, from the southeast of the Peruvian Amazon, is described. Methods: Monogeneans were isolated from gills of C. macropomum, fixed in formaldehyde in 4% solution. For morphological examinations were stained with Gomori’s trichrome and others were clarified with Hoyer’s medium. Results: Mymarothecium is the third species of the genus recorded in C. macropomum. These new species have been characterized by a slightly sigmoid male copulatory organ (MCO) and the accessory piece with sinuous distal rod with hook-shaped process and a bifurcation in the middle part. Furthermore, the anteromedial projection of the ventral rod has a small conspicuous filament in both anchors. Conclusions: With the description of this new species, eight species of Mymarothecium have been reported in fish of the Serrasalmidae family originating in the Amazon. © 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Analysis of the complete organellar genomes of the economically valuable kelp Lessonia spicata (Lessoniaceae, Phaeophyceae) from Chile
(Informa UK Limited, 2019-7-3) Tineo, Daniel; Rubio, Karol B.; Melendez, Jegnes B.; Mendoza, Jani E.; Silva, Jhonsy O.; Perez, Jhordy; Esquerre, Eggleantina E.; Perez-Alania, Melissa; Fernandez, Samia L.; Aguilar, Smith E.; Chuquizuta, Fernando; Olano, Yadira M.; Hoyos, Renzo P.; Veneros, Jaris E.; Garcia, Ligia M.; Arakaki, Natalia; Garcia-Candela, Enrique; Oliva, Manuel; Mansilla, Andres; Calderon, Martha S.; Hughey, Jeffery R.; Bustamante, Danilo E.
Lessonia spicata (Suhr) Santelices is the most ecologically and economically important kelp from Pacific South America. Here, we contribute to the bioinformatics and evolutionary systematics of the species by performing high throughput sequencing on L. spicata from Valparaiso, Chile. The L. spicata complete mitogenome is 37,097 base pairs (bp) in length and contains 66 genes (GenBank accession MK965907), the complete plastid genome is 130,305 bp and has 173 genes (accession MK965908), and the data assembled 7,630 bp of the nuclear ribosomal cistron (accession MK965909). The organellar genomes are similar in structure and content to others published from the Laminariales. © 2019 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Antiviral activity of the sea cucumber tegument extract (Pattalus mollis) on human rotavirus A (RVA)
(Informa UK Limited, 2019-9-9) Garcia-Candela, Enrique; Pariona-Velarde, Carlos; Mondragón-Martínez, Aarón; Chumpitaz-Cerrate, Victor
The antiviral effect against RVA in cell culture was evaluated by using an aqueous extract of Patallus mollis sea cucumber, applying the titration methodology. This technique is used to measures the ability of the extract dilutions to inhibit the cytopathic effect (CPE) of the virus, expressed as percentage of inhibition (IP). The mean extract cytotoxic concentration (CC50) used in the antiviral assay was 27,042.10 μg/mL and the PI of the antiviral activity extract was greater than 99.9% for each concentration. To determine the viral action mode, the cells were previously treated with the extracts in different stages during the viral infection cycle. The result analysis suggests that the extract inhibits 99% of the virus during the absorption and viral inactivation phase. These results show the P. mollis extract has a remarkable antiviral effect against the RVA in cell culture. So that, it is crucial to investigate its action mechanisms. © 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Complete mitochondrial genome assembly and analysis of a Neotropical lineage of Ligula intestinalis reveals evolutionary and phylogenetic insights
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2026-02-17) Mondragón-Martínez, Aarón; Martínez-Rojas, Rosa; Gárate, Inés; Sánchez-Venegas, Jaime R; Moreno-Morales, Gerald; Cruz-Neyra, Lidia; Cruces, Celso Luis; Garcia-Candela, Enrique; Escudero, Frank Guzman; Chero, Jhon D; Yunis-Aguinaga, Jefferson; Štefka, Jan; Nazarizadeh, Masoud
Ligula intestinalis (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea) is a cosmopolitan tapeworm parasite characterized by a complex life cycle that includes freshwater fish infection. Ligula disrupts host reproduction, and causes ecological imbalances. Despite its broad geographic distribution and ecological significance, molecular data for South American populations have been lacking, leaving a critical gap in understanding its genetic diversity and evolutionary history. To address this, we conducted the first molecular characterization of L. intestinalis plerocercoid larvae isolated from the native fish Orestias agassizii in Lake Titicaca, Peru. Using Illumina next-generation sequencing, we assembled a complete mitochondrial genome of 13,657 bp, containing 12 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, and two non-coding regions. The mitogenome exhibited an A + T-rich composition (66.3%) and contained over 580 repetitive elements, primarily concentrated within its control region. Comparative analyses with European and Asian mitogenomes revealed substantial regional differences in nucleotide diversity and amino acid composition, with closer similarity observed between South American and Asian lineages. Genes atp6, nad5, and nad6 showed the highest variability, whereas cox1 demonstrated significant intercontinental divergence yet remained conserved within South America, reflecting both phylogeographic patterns and strong functional constraints. Phylogenetic inference based on mitochondrial markers (cytb, cox1, and nd1) confirmed the Titicaca specimen as a distinct South American lineage, closely related to the Nearctic lineage. These findings enhance our understanding of L. intestinalis mitogenomic diversity, emphasize the importance of geographic isolation in parasite diversification, and provide an essential genomic resource for future evolutionary and ecological research in high-altitude ecosystems.
Draft genome of the multidrug-resistant Citrobacter freundii strain CAPA023 isolated from Arapaima gigas in Peru: Is it a reservoir of resistance and virulence genes?
(Elsevier BV, 2025-5) Garcia-Candela, Enrique; Mondragón-Martínez, Aaron; Noceda-Rodríguez, Manuel; Mesias Valle, Fernando; Cabrera-Soregui, Milagros; Valverde-Vera, Veronica; Benito-García, Maria; Romayna-Ríos, Romina; Verástegui-Tello, Miriam; Dubey, Saurabh; Munang'Andu, Hetron M.; Yunis-Aguinaga, Jefferson
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the genome of the multidrug-resistant Citrobacter freundii strain CAPA023, which was obtained from diseased Arapaima gigas fry. The study focused on determining mobile genetic elements and genetic factors that contribute to antibiotic resistance and pathogenicity. Methods: Genomic DNA was sequenced using Illumina NovaSeq (2 × 150 bp) and assembled de novo using Shovill v1.1.0. Resistance genes, virulence factors, plasmids, and mobile elements were identified using ResFinder, CARD, PlasmidFinder, MobileFinder, PathogenFinder, and VFDB. Results: The 5,059,550 bp draft genome (60 contigs, 51.5% GC) revealed resistance genes for various antibiotic classes, efflux pumps, IncFIB(K) and Col440I plasmids, insertion sequences, and multiple virulence genes. Conclusion: Considering that this bacterium was found in diseased fish, it is possible that C. freundii plays an important role in the spread of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance in aquaculture environments. This highlights the importance of genomic surveillance in Amazonian aquaculture. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Histological lesions by monogeneans in gills of Piaractus brachypomus farmed in semi-intensive systems from Peru
(Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Pathology, 2024) Torres-Lozano, Karel; Cabrera-Soregui, Milagros; Garcia-Candela, Enrique; Cuadros-Cuya, Martín; Cubas-Rengifo, Andrés; Guzmán, Víctor Humberto Puicón Niño De; Mesias, Fernando
Piaractus brachypomus Cuvier, 1818, is Peru’s most produced Amazonian fish; however, little is known about histological lesions that monogeneans produce in their gills. When examining 40 juveniles of P. brachypomus from two commercial fish farms, Anacanthorus penilabiatus (Boeger et al., 1995) and Mymarothecium viatorum (Boeger et al., 2002) were found, with a total monogenean prevalence of 100%, with a mean intensity and mean abundance of 225.5 parasites/fish for both species. At the level of the gill tissue, lesions identified were dilation and congestion of the central vein and hyperplasia of the secondary lamella with eosinophilic and lymphocytic infiltration. The histopathological alterations caused by infection of A. penilabiatus and M. viatorum are reported for the first timein cultured P. brachypomus in the Peruvian Amazon. These findings indicate the need to improve good practices and biosafety in producing this fish to prevent or control the impact of these monogeneans.
Molecular identification of Mymarothecium viatorum and Anacanthorus penilabiatus in extensive native fish farming systems of the Peruvian Amazon
(Elsevier BV, 2024-9) Cabrera-Soregui, Milagros; Torres-Lozano, Karel; Garcia-Candela, Enrique; Mesias-Valle, Fernando; Martinez-Rojas, Rosa; Cruz-Neyra, Lidia; Mondragón-Martínez, Aarón; Ebert, Mariana Bertholdi; Da Silva, Reinaldo José; Cala-Delgado, Daniel Leonardo
Piaractus brachypomus (Pacú) is the main native fish species cultivated in Peru and holds great potential for growth in aquaculture from the Peruvian Amazon. Between October 2021 and January 2022 in two fish producing farms in the Amazon region of San Martín in Peru, P. brachypomus individuals were examined for parasite evaluation. A total of 6366 monogeneans were isolated from the gills of 30 fish, revealing a prevalence of 100%, with an abundance and mean intensity of 212 parasites per fish. Monogeneans were morphologically identified as Mymarothecium viatorum and Anacanthorus penilabiatus. The genetic divergence in the 28S rDNA gene found among A. penilabiatus sequences was 0.1% and among Anacanthorus spp. it ranged from 0.9% to 7.5%. The genetic divergence found among the M. viatorum sequences was 0.3%. These finding represents the first molecular data of M. viatorum and A. penilabiatus in Peru using the 28S rDNA gene of these monogeneans. The new sequences obtained will contribute to future studies on the phylogenetic relationships among dactylogyrids. However, further research with a broader range of host-parasite samples and additional genetic markers is needed to clarify these relationships and provide stronger support for the phylogenetic positions. © 2024 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.